The Internet of Things (IoT) has been defined in a number of different ways in technical literature and popular media. Each definition reflects a different perspective and supports a different interest. While there is no universal definition of the IoT, these different definitions highlights IoT's common traits and can help illuminate its strenghts and weaknesses while giving us a good sense of the tremendous impact IoT has on our life.
Besides the lack of an agreed universal definition, it should be noted that defining the IoT is hard for many reasons. One reason is that the IoT has a large number of applications, from monitoring supply chains to stopping trains and lighting homes, which involves all economic and social aspects of daily life and changes the way humans interact with the world around them. Another reason is that the IoT involves software and hardware, a variety of protocols and standards, devices and networks, storage, analytics, automation, and many other topics such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data, Machine Learning, and Augmented Reality (AR), which makes it even harder to understand the IoT itself. Furthermore, concepts generally included in the IoT vision strongly relate to visions under other names such as Web of Things, Web of Goods, Internet of Everything, and Cloud of Things, while other concepts including Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), Industry 4.0, Machine to Machine Communications (M2M), System of Systems (SoS), and Made in China 2025 closely relates to IoT but should be considered as part of or complementary to the IoT
The Internet of things (IoT) describes the network of physical objects—“things”—that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the Internet.
The term "Internet of things" was coined by Kevin Ashton of Procter & Gamble, later MIT's Auto-ID Center, in 1999, though he prefers the phrase "Internet for things". At that point, he viewed radio-frequency identification (RFID) as essential to the Internet of things, which would allow computers to manage all individual things.
There are some consideration to understand the evolution of IoT. The evolution of the connection.
First of all the evolution of the SIM in the world:
Instad IoT now refers to different scenarios:
– Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
– Near Field Communications (NFC)
– Biotechnology and Body Area Networks (BAN)
– Machine-to-Machine communications (M2M)
– Personal Area Networks (PAN)
Information technology is revolutionizing products. Once composed solely of mechanical and electrical parts, products have become complex systems that combine hardware, sensors, data storage, microprocessors, software, and connectivity in myriad ways. These “smart, connected products”—made possible by vast improvements in processing power and device miniaturization and by the network benefits of ubiquitous wireless connectivity—have unleashed a new era of competition.
Smart, connected products offer exponentially expanding opportunities for new functionality, far greater reliability, much higher product utilization, and capabilities that cut across and transcend traditional product boundaries. The changing nature of products is also disrupting value chains, forcing companies to rethink and retool nearly everything they do internally.
Gather information from things and send commands to things
– monitoring: state information
– control: command enforcement
• Send information back and forth remote locations (private/public cloud)
• Store and aggregate information
• Analyze information to improve system knowledge
• Take decisions, in a human-assisted or autonomous manner
Ed è proprio dalla trasfomazioni dei pordotti in qulcosa di più complesso che spinge le aziende in territori nuovi e spesso poco conosciuti.
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